^{3rd Euro Congress on} Steel and Structural Engineering November 16-17, 2017 London , UK

Biography:

Ernst Gamsjager has completed his PhD in 2002 and worked as a Post Doc with Prof. Militzer at the University of British Columbia, Canada and Prof. Fratzl, Max Planck Institute of Biomaterials, Germany. He obtained the Masing Memorial Award of the German Society of Materials Science in 2007. Since 2010 he works as an associate professor at Montanuniversitat Leoben, Austria. He has published more than 45 papers in reputed journals and is very active in reviewing manuscripts. He is member of the management committee of the Cost action CA15102 “Solutions for critical raw materials under extreme conditions”.

Abstract:

The microstructures of steels evolve during processing and determine the properties of these materials, which is a strong motivation to investigate the kinetics of phase transformations, recrystallization and subsequent grain growth both experimentally and by modelling. Models based on the relevant physical principles are a precondition to improve the understanding of microstructure-property relationships. Based on in-situ experiments the evolving microstructures can be subjected to a controlled thermo-mechanical treatment. The experimental results will be interpreted by means of thermodynamically based modelling in order to gain new insights about the underlying physics when designing new materials. Microstructural changes during thermal processing are analysed in detail. It is demonstrated that variables describing the microstructural evolution are directly correlated with mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength and impact strength.

Biography:

Nong-Moon Hwang has completed his PhD in Material Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology in 1986. He is a Professor in the Department of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU). From 1986, he worked in Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science until he joined the faculty in SNU in 2003. He has published more than 200 SCI papers and a former Director of Research Institute of Advanced Materials and a former Vice President of Korea Institue of Metals and Materials.

Abstract:

Abnormal grain growth (AGG), which is also called the secondary recrystallization, often takes place after primary recrystallization of deformed polycrystalline materials. A famous example is the evolution of the Goss texture after secondary recrystallization of Fe-3%Si steel. A selective AGG of Goss grains has remained a puzzle over 70 years in the metallurgy community since its first discovery by Goss in 1935. In an ambitious attempt to solve this puzzle, we suggested the sub-boundary enhanced solid-state wetting as a mechanism of selective AGG of Goss grains. According to this mechanism, if Goss grains have sub-boundaries of low energy, they have an exclusively high probability to grow by solid-state wetting compared with other grains without sub-boundaries. The existence of sub-boundaries in Goss grains was experimentally confirmed not only in our group but also in other groups. In order to understand why only Goss grains have sub-boundaries, the cold rolling process of the hot-rolled Fe-3%Si steel was analyzed by finite element method (FEM). The analysis showed that a small portion of Goss grains formed during hot rolling survives after cold rolling; the survived Goss grains have the lowest stored energy and are expected to undergo only recovery without recrystallization, producing sub-boundaries. 

Biography:

Giovanni Totaro has graduated cum laude in Mechanical Engineering at Federico II University of Naples. He has pursued his PhD in Aerospace Engineering from TU Delft University of Technology in 2011. He is Researcher in the field of Advanced Composite Materials at CIRA. He has published several papers in reputed journals including Design Methods of Composite Lattice Structures.

Abstract:

Anisogrids, that is, non-isotropic grids, represent a specific design concept in composite material conceived to maximize the efficiency of cylindrical and conical lattice shell structures subjected to high compressive and bending loads that are usually encountered in aerospace applications. This concept consists of a regular, dense and symmetric system of the continuous interlaced unidirectional hoop and helical ribs forming a pattern of triangular and hexagonal cells. Helical ribs are normally coincident with the geodesic trajectories of the shell. These structures can be supplemented with a thin outer skin, which normally increases the critical global buckling load, or provides only an external coverage. Automated winding deposition is the basic technology. Anisogrids represent an excellent paradigm for the development of lightweight primary structures, not necessarily limited to composites. In conjunction with composites, they have clearly expressed the maximum potentiality in the field of space launcher vehicles - where the weight efficiency is of primary importance - as demonstrated by the serial production of inter stages and cone adapters referred to the Russian space launcher Proton-M. In fact, replacing the aluminum structures based on the conventional skin-stringer architecture with optimized anisogrids may result in a considerable weight saving around 40%. Actually, the first real precursor of the modern Anisogrids is just related to a civil application, namely, the Moscow radio tower dated 1921. Other than aerospace field, existing and possible application of lattice structures include: masts, columns, pipes, and other elements of civil engineering structures.

Biography:

Prof. K M Bajoria has completed his PhD at the age of 27 years from Cambridge University on three dimensional aspects of progressive collapse of steel structures and also postdoctoral research at Cambridge University Department of Engineering. He is Professor of Civil Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, a premier technical university in India. He has published more than 90.papers in reputed journals and international conferences and has served as chairman of Indian Association for Structural Rehabilitation. His active area of research is application of smart materials to improve the structural performance of traditional steel structures.

Abstract:

Shape Memory Alloys have a wide range of applications due to their special properties. The properties like shape memory effect, super elasticity and high damping are useful to enhance structural behavior and seismic resistance. In this paper, shape memory effect of two different alloys NiTi and Fe based SMA is used to enhance the structural properties of a steel Moment Resisting Frame and comparison of response of frame with connection of two different alloys is studied. The finite element analysis of moment resisting frames was done using Ansys - 15. The geometry and loading conditions of frames were taken from previous research. For the comparison of structural behavior of the steel frame with Shape Memory Alloy at beam column connection was checked for lateral loading. Also the response of the frame was checked for time history analysis using past earthquake data. Comparison of the time history analysis response of bare frame (Steel only connections) and frame with use of SMA at connection suggested excellent performance of frame equipped with SMA.

 The main aim of the study is reducing residual displacement of steel frames after earthquake loading. To check the performance of the frame for loading unloading cycle, incremental lateral loading is applied to the frame up to maximum load and then it is unloaded completely.  The SMA equipped frame shows almost 85% recovery of the residual displacement. The reduction in residual displacement of the SMA equipped frame is also seen in case of time history analysis. Though Ni-Ti SMAs show a little more recovery in residual displacement, cost comparison shows using Fe based SMA in Civil Engineering industry will be beneficial for the maximum utilization of material with lesser cost. The result signifies the use of innovative material Ferro SMA excellent performance in steel frames.

Biography:

Dr. Taek-Ryong Seong received his Ph.D. in Steel structural engineering at Seoul National University, Korea. His main area of interest is development of high performance steel and application technology, performance evaluation of steel for bridge applications. He is currently group leader of steel structure research group at POSCO. POSCO’s steel structure research group develops steel application technology for construction, energy infrastructure industries and is the key feature of POSCO’s solution marketing.

Abstract:

In Korea, various high performance steel for construction applications have been developed for specific structural applications. POSCO have been developing high performance steel and application technologies to provide various values to construction industry. From development of high performance steel, structural/fabrication performance evaluation, development of codes/guides to test-bed site applications. Values such as fast erection (easy construction), sustainability, additional room space, are just some of additional benefits steel structure can provide.

In this presentation, we will present various solutions in construction using high performance steel. From high-rise buildings to bridges and piles various success stories in steel structural application will be presented. POSCO’s steel application technology will provide technical solutions and various values in steel structural application.

Biography:

It is widely known that the behavior of steel frames is affected by the uncertainty of the beam-to-column connections. It is usually found that these connections are neither ideally pinned, nor perfectly rigid, but rather exhibit a semi-rigid behavior. Buildings codes such as the Euro code 3 introduce the concept of semi-rigid connections in terms of fixity factors or connection percentage. In particular, the limit values of the fixity factors for pinned and rigid joints in steel structures are 14% and 89%, respectively. Based on these values, and considering the largely scattered results observed in experiments, even when the same kind of connection is involved, in this contribution we perform an analytical, probabilistic study to characterize the stochastic structural response of semi-rigid connections in steel structures. The main goal is to assess to what extent the uncertainty of the semi-rigid connection propagates into the structural response. More specifically, the semi-rigid connection is idealized and modeled as a rotational spring at the beam end (representative of the initial stiffness of the joint) and the spring rotational stiffness is assumed as a uniformly distributed random variable. The two extremes of the uniform random variable are assumed equal to the aforementioned values indicated by the Euro code 3 for semi-rigid connections, namely 14% and 89%. The probability density function of a few response indicators, such as the mid-span deflection, the bending moment, and the element stiffness matrix terms, is computed. Misleading (and in some cases non-conservative) conclusions from a design viewpoint might be drawn unless the probabilistic nature of the structural response is properly accounted for, i.e., when resorting to a deterministic approach. This is evidenced by comparing the probability-based response with the deterministic response arising from an average value of the fixity factor being intermediate between the two extremes. The present analysis has been carried out for individual beams as well as for simple steel frames.

Abstract:

Nicola Impollonia is professor of Strength of Materials at the school of Architecture, University of Catania (Italy). He has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals and he is a member of the ECSS Buckling Workgroup at ESA.

Biography:

Massood Mofid has received his PhD in 1989 from Rice University, Houston Texas. He is a Professor of Earthquake and Structural Engineering in the Department of Civil Engineering at Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract:

Typically, beam to column connections in braced frames are assumed and designed as a simple connection. One of the most common beam to column connections in these frames is double web angle connection. In research and design procedures of structures that have been done so far, this type of connection is generally considered as a simple hinged connection. In beam to column joints there are bracing(s) and therefore gusset plate(s) at bottom and/or top of the beam, the gusset plate restrains the beam from rotation at its connection to the column. Therefore, double web angle connection is not allowed to have relative rotation between the beam and column and it does not have the adequate rotation capacity to accommodate desired free rotation assumed in structural analysis. There have been just a few researches on the effect of stiffness of gusset plate on mentioned connection up to now. The most studies in this regard, are related to the investigation of braced frame and gusset plate and in this paper, the behavior of double web angle connection is investigated using the FEM method considering stiffness of gusset plate and using the moment-rotation curve of connection; and it is showed that the assumption of hinge connection in beam to column connections in mentioned locations is not correct. Therefore, another assumption should be taken in modelling of structures. Furthermore, the response of structure frames is investigated considering stiffness of connection.

Biography:

Sudhir P Patil has completed his PhD from Mumbai University, India. He is an Associate Professor in the Department of Applied Mechanics, Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune, Maharashtra. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

An attempt is made in this experimental study, the effects of the fly ash and steel fibers on compressive, split tensile, shear, flexural, and torsional strength of high strength plain and steel fiber reinforced concrete beam specimens. In this program, 99 cubes and 18-cylinder samples are cast for a trial mix design. The trial mixes are with different percentages of fly ash and steel fibers. The concrete mixes have 10%, 20%, and 30% of fly ash by replacing cement to its weight and 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% of steel fibers by the weight of cement concrete. The compressive strength of the steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) reaches the maximum at 20% fly ash and 1.5% volume fractions of steel fiber. The splitting tensile strength and the modulus of rupture improve with an increasing volume fraction. To study flexural strength behavior, a total number of 60 beam specimens of size 150 x 150 x 1500 mm are cast. 12 beam specimens without pre-stressed and 24 beam specimens with pre-stressed by adding 20% fly ash and 1.5% steel fiber and 12 beam specimens without and 12 beam specimens with pre-stressed casting with plain concrete by adding 20% fly ash. A primary finding emerging from the experimental program is that the placement of steel fibers increased the load carrying capacity of SFRC beam specimen. Also, it enhanced ductility, modulus of elasticity (Ec), shear modulus (G), Poisson’s ratio (μ), torsional stiffness of concrete (Kt), energy absorption, shear, flexural, and torsional shear strength.

Biography:

The source of renewable energy of wind energy in the Middle East and particularly in GCC countries showing some recommendation as the feasibility of wind energy technology use in Kuwait. The aim of this paper is to review the life cycle assessment in Kuwait and its four stages including goal and scope of the analysis, inventory analysis, impact assessment and interpretation of results. This study shows the inventory of carbon and energy data of the material that assemble Gamesa 90-2MW as well as CO₂ emissions for different type of transportation, it also calculate a number of relevant parameters related to the energy consumption, such as CO₂ emissions and energy payback time of wind turbine. These results are compared with other sources of energy based on fossil fuels to assess the potential of wind plants; due to lack of information data from Brazil which is similar to Kuwait environmental conditions has been used. The results showed that CO_2-eq per generated power are different according to the difference in turbine model and also showed total carbon dioxide for turbine with steel pile foundation is greater than emission from turbine with concrete foundation of about 18 percent. It revealed that the total annual energy generated for both turbines is the same because they have the same Gamesa 90-2MW wind turbine is used. 

Abstract:

Badriya Almutairi is a PhD student at the school of architecture, building and civil engineering, at Loughborough University.  She received a B.S. degree and then M.S. in civil engineering from the College of Engineering and Petroleum at Kuwait University. She has been a structural engineer at the Public Authority for Housing Welfare in Kuwait for over 10 years.  Her current research is in the area of renewable energy, soil-structure interaction, and finite element modeling, with an emphasis on wind energy systems.

Biography:

Badriya Almutairi is a PhD student at the school of architecture, building and civil engineering, at Loughborough University.  She received a B.S. degree and then M.S. in civil engineering from the College of Engineering and Petroleum at Kuwait University. She has been a structural engineer at the Public Authority for Housing Welfare in Kuwait for over 10 years.  Her current research is in the area of renewable energy, soil-structure interaction, and finite element modeling, with an emphasis on wind energy systems.

Abstract:

The source of renewable energy of wind energy in the Middle East and particularly in GCC countries showing some recommendation as the feasibility of wind energy technology use in Kuwait. The aim of this paper is to review the life cycle assessment in Kuwait and its four stages including goal and scope of the analysis, inventory analysis, impact assessment and interpretation of results. This study shows the inventory of carbon and energy data of the material that assemble Gamesa 90-2MW as well as CO₂ emissions for different type of transportation, it also calculate a number of relevant parameters related to the energy consumption, such as CO₂ emissions and energy payback time of wind turbine. These results are compared with other sources of energy based on fossil fuels to assess the potential of wind plants; due to lack of information data from Brazil which is similar to Kuwait environmental conditions has been used. The results showed that CO_2-eq per generated power are different according to the difference in turbine model and also showed total carbon dioxide for turbine with steel pile foundation is greater than emission from turbine with concrete foundation of about 18 percent. It revealed that the total annual energy generated for both turbines is the same because they have the same Gamesa 90-2MW wind turbine is used. 

Biography:

Poonam Kumari has completed her Master’s and PhD in Solid Mechanics from Department of Applied Mechanics of IIT Delhi. She worked as Postdoctoral Fellow at School of Engineering of Simon Fraser University, BC Canada. Presently she is working as Assistant Professor at Department of Mechanical Engineering of IIT Guwahati. She published 22 papers in reputed International Journals. She developed analytical three-dimensional mathematical models of hybrid laminated plates subjected to arbitaray support conditons. Recently, 3D solution of longitudinally functionally graded plate subjected to arbitrary boundary conditions is developed.

Abstract:

Piezoelectric materials are the most preferred material in a wide range of engineering applications in sensing and control such as energy harvesting, structural health monitoring, sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), vibration and noise control. Composite and sandwich laminates with piezoelectric actuators and sensors evoked a tremendous research interest in the field of designing and development of lightweight multi-functional structures known as smart or intelligent structures. The behaviour of smart structures is very complex and pose a difficult challenge for analysis because of coupling between electromechanical entities and stress concentration at interfaces. Three-dimensional piezoelasticity solutions can predict accurately the complex behaviour of piezoelectric laminated plates and also act as benchmark for assessing various approximate 2D theories. Further, these 3D solutions help for making the suitable kinematics or kinetics assumptions for the development of 2D theories. The 3D analysis were applied to analyse the all round simply supported plates. There are very limited articles reported about the development of 3D analysis of piezoelectric plates subjected to arbitrary boundary conditions. In this paper, a systemantic mathematical develpment of governing equations for smart laminated plate is presented. The governing partial differential equations for plates are reduced to ordinary differential equations in the thickness (z) and in-plane (x) directions by applying the recently developed multi-term multi-field extended Kantorovich method in conjuction with Fourier series along y-direction which satisfies the Levy-type support conditions along the y-axis. The accuracy and efficacy of this method is verified thoroughly by comparing it with the existing results in the literature and FE solutions. The numerical results are presented hybrid composites and sandwich plates.

Biography:

Anwar Alroomi has completed her PhD degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering from Oklahoma State University in 2013. She is an Assistant Professor and the Construction Management Program Coordinator at California State University, Northridge (CSUN). Her research focuses on cost estimating; not just the profession of cost estimating but the behavior and skills that are required of a proficient cost estimator. In addition, her research focuses on developing cost models to estimate the construction costs for marine outfalls. She also serves in the Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management and Aims Faculty Mentor at the College of Engineering and Sciences at CSUN.

Abstract:

Perhaps the greatest challenge facing the cost-estimating community over the next decade is the loss of knowledge and experience of highly experienced estimators due to the high percentage of them retiring paired with the evident shortage of qualified cost estimators. This study aims to develop an integrative learning framework for the estimating profession that will help companies adapt healthier environment and management practices to retain experienced estimators’ competencies. This multi-dimensional framework considers the effect of the learning environment and motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) practices on retaining and developing the estimating competencies. First, 23 core estimating competencies are identified and classified into skills, knowledge, and personal attributes and also quantified the degree of which new estimators lack each competency. Using factor analysis and criticality matrix, the gaps between the ideal and actual level of competency are assessed and seven core estimating competency factors representing the core estimating competencies are developed. The second phase assess the effectiveness of ten traditional and advanced capture and transfer methods in retaining the core estimating competency factors. Also, the current level of development of the learning environment, and intrinsic and extrinsic motivations practices and their effects on the improvement of estimators’ capabilities are assessed. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method is employed. As a result, the integrative model for the cost estimating profession is developed showing the effective methods to retain the estimating competency factors. This study can help companies assess their estimators’ capabilities and design appropriate training programs for their estimators based on their specific needs, and improve companies’ practices in retaining estimators competencies. 

Biography:

Anwar Alroomi has completed her PhD degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering from Oklahoma State University in 2013. She is an Assistant Professor and the Construction Management Program Coordinator at California State University, Northridge (CSUN). Her research focuses on cost estimating; not just the profession of cost estimating but the behavior and skills that are required of a proficient cost estimator. In addition, her research focuses on developing cost models to estimate the construction costs for marine outfalls. She also serves in the Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management and Aims Faculty Mentor at the College of Engineering and Sciences at CSUN.

Abstract:

Perhaps the greatest challenge facing the cost-estimating community over the next decade is the loss of knowledge and experience of highly experienced estimators due to the high percentage of them retiring paired with the evident shortage of qualified cost estimators. This study aims to develop an integrative learning framework for the estimating profession that will help companies adapt healthier environment and management practices to retain experienced estimators’ competencies. This multi-dimensional framework considers the effect of the learning environment and motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) practices on retaining and developing the estimating competencies. First, 23 core estimating competencies are identified and classified into skills, knowledge, and personal attributes and also quantified the degree of which new estimators lack each competency. Using factor analysis and criticality matrix, the gaps between the ideal and actual level of competency are assessed and seven core estimating competency factors representing the core estimating competencies are developed. The second phase assess the effectiveness of ten traditional and advanced capture and transfer methods in retaining the core estimating competency factors. Also, the current level of development of the learning environment, and intrinsic and extrinsic motivations practices and their effects on the improvement of estimators’ capabilities are assessed. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method is employed. As a result, the integrative model for the cost estimating profession is developed showing the effective methods to retain the estimating competency factors. This study can help companies assess their estimators’ capabilities and design appropriate training programs for their estimators based on their specific needs, and improve companies’ practices in retaining estimators competencies. 

Biography:

Meor Iqram Meor Ahmad joined the Department of Mechanical Engineering at The University of Sheffield in May 2015 as a Ph.D. student and currently in the 3rd years of his research. He is the committee member of Computer-Aided Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering (CA2M) Research Group at the University of Sheffield. He also has been published six journal papers since becoming researchers in his research area. His research interest is in the mathematical modeling of structural integrity, fracture damage and creep.

Abstract:

This contribution aim is to develop the extended prediction of numerical simulation for crack ductile fracture behaviours. The Rousselier’s damage model is chosen to describe the damage mechanism by implementing their constitutive law into UMAT subroutine code. In order to enhance the development of crack growth, the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) is used, which has a capability to calculate the discontinuity element without need any remeshing purpose. This study is discussed in the context of finite element results of a symmetrically single-notched and CTS specimen, which will be verified with experimental data. As a result, these were found to be good correlation in terms of stress-strain curve, the crack path and also load-displacement accuracy. Therefore, from this experience, it is demonstrated that the capability of XFEM linked with Rousselier’s model for resulting numerical formulation in structural damage benchmark problems.